Growing, caring for and harvesting pointed cabbage

Growing pointed cabbage: How does pointed cabbage grow?

Normal cabbages are often very large plants, leaving little space in the bed for other crops. This is precisely the advantage of pointed cabbage: as a slimmer version of white cabbage, the cabbage head does not require as much space and can be easily combined with other crops. A great alternative for smaller gardens too. Due to its smaller size, pointed cabbage takes less time to grow, which means it can be harvested relatively early (from May). Its leaves are also more tender than those of large white cabbage, making it particularly tasty and easier to digest. For this reason, however, the storage life of pointed cabbage is not quite as good as that of other types of cabbage.

The right location & soil

Pointed cabbage prefers full sun, but also does well in partial shade. Your bed should be well fertilized and mulched beforehand, because as a heavy feeder , pointed cabbage needs plenty of nutrients. The soil should also be rich in humus and loamy. Even watering ensures good, healthy growth and particularly tender leaves.

Preplant pointed cabbage: Here's how

The cultivation procedure is similar to that for red cabbage, white cabbage and savoy cabbage. You can find more tips on growing cabbage in this article. However, if you want to harvest in May, you should start pre-cultivation in January. It can also be pre-grown in February and March. It is best to choose suitable early varieties for this. Place the seeds 1 - 2 cm deep in pots or multi-plates filled with potting compost. For germination, cabbage plants require a germination temperature of approx. 16 - 20 °C as well as sufficient light and moisture. It is therefore best to place the pots on a windowsill or in a heated greenhouse. From March, you can plant them out with a planting distance of approx. 40 x 40 cm. Be sure to cover the sensitive young plants with fleece at night to prevent them from freezing.

Sowing pointed cabbage: direct sowing in the vegetable patch

Later summer varieties can be sown directly into the bed from April to the beginning of May. Late sowings can be harvested from June. There are also robust varieties, e.g.'Duncan', which you can sow in August. When sowing in midsummer, however, it is essential to ensure regular watering so that the seeds germinate reliably and the young plants can develop healthily. Protect the cabbage plants with a fleece in the fall so that you can harvest them in winter. You should prick out the young plants about a month after sowing. These later varieties need a little more space than earlier ones. Therefore, ensure a planting distance of 50 x 50 cm. Your pointed cabbage will be ready to harvest after approx. 100 days.

Pointed cabbage in mixed cultivation: crop rotation, crop rotation & neighbors

It is best to plant your pointed cabbage in a mixed culture. This way you can prevent pests and diseases. A mixed culture of pointed cabbage together with tomatoes and celery can prevent cabbage white butterflies, for example. You can find more good and bad plant neighborhoods and examples of cabbage in mixed cultivation here in the article. Here you will also find tips on crop rotation and crop rotation. In general, however, it is important to take a break from growing cabbage crops for at least 4 years. This is especially true if your cabbage crops were infested with diseases and/or pests.

Table: Good neighbors, bad neighbors

Caring for pointed cabbage for a rich harvest

To keep the leaves nice and tender, you should water your cabbage plants regularly. Weed your bed regularly to prevent weeds from getting out of hand. A layer of mulch is an advantage here, as it not only prevents weeds from growing, but also helps to keep the soil moist. It is also important to keep enough space between the plants, otherwise the heads will become small and the plants more susceptible to disease. Here are a few more tips to avoid cabbage diseases:

Tips against diseases and pests

• Algae lime in the planting hole against cabbage hernia
• Mixed cultivation with tomatoes and celery

Fertilize pointed cabbage

Before planting, you should prepare your bed with organic fertilizer. You can use rotted manure and horn meal for this. Compost alone is often not sufficient as a source of nutrients for cabbage, which is why you can mix it with horn shavings. A thicker layer of mulch (e.g. from dried grass clippings) also provides nutrients. During the growth phase, you can top up with nettle manure and rock flour. Organic liquid fertilizer also supports the growth of your plants.

Pointed cabbage varieties: early and late varieties

Early pointed cabbage varieties (harvest from May):

• 'Erstling': particularly early and fast-growing variety that can be brought forward as early as January
• 'Berns': medium-early variety with gray-green leaves

Late pointed cabbage varieties (harvest from May):

• 'Filderkraut': medium-late, very sugary variety, well suited for sauerkraut production
• 'Duncan': can be grown all year round, particularly robust
• 'Kalibos': cross between pointed and red cabbage, resulting in red-purple and loose heads

Harvest time: Harvesting and storing pointed cabbage

The pointed cabbage harvest season is between May and December. As soon as the head has reached the desired size, you can cut it off with a sharp knife just below the stalk. You should remove the root later so that no diseases remain in the soil. Alternatively, you can also pull the head and root out of the ground. Pointed cabbage cannot be stored for long due to its tender leaves. Wrapped in a damp cloth and kept in a cool place, a head of cabbage can be stored for around 1-2 weeks. However, you can easily preserve your cabbage by fermenting it and turning it into sauerkraut. Freezing raw leaves is not recommended; they should be blanched briefly beforehand. This preserves the flavor, firmness and vitamins better.

Diseases of pointed cabbage: cabbage white butterfly, cabbage hernia & powdery mildew

As with all cabbage varieties, pointed cabbage can be infested by the caterpillars of the cabbage white butterfly. The moth lays its eggs under the leaves of the cabbage. As soon as the caterpillars hatch, they begin to systematically devour the leaves, causing the plant to die in extreme cases.

Preventing & combating cabbage white butterflies

The white butterfly is particularly attracted to your garden if you apply nettle slurry to strengthen your plants. You can prevent infestation by planting tomatoes and celery next to your cabbage. The intense smell of the neighbors will mask that of the cabbage and the butterflies will no longer find where to lay their eggs. Also regularly check the undersides of the leaves of the young plants, as this is where the butterfly attaches its eggs. If you are planting later in the season, you can mulch with tansy or peppermint if available - both plants repel the butterflies. But you can not only prevent infestation biologically, the pests can also be kept away mechanically using crop protection nets.
However, if it is already too late and the caterpillars are already there, it is worth collecting them by hand at an early stage. You can also use parasitic wasps as beneficial insects in your garden, as they are natural enemies of the cabbage white butterfly. These biological pest controllers can be ordered from various online stores. You can find more tips on combating and preventing cabbage white butterflies in this article.

Prevent & combat mildew

If your cabbage plants are infested with mildew, you can water them with horsetail manure. This is very easy to make. You need horsetail, water and a bucket. Then you can proceed according to the same principle as with the nettle liquid manure. To prevent the fungus, a mixed culture with garlic can also be worthwhile. You can find everything you need to know about preventing and combating mildew here.

Preventing cabbage hernia: observe crop rotation

Cabbage hernia is also a typical disease of all cruciferous plants(Brassicaceae). The fungal disease causes the cabbage to grow poorly and later, even with sufficient watering, the leaves droop and turn yellow. You can avoid this by rotating your cabbage plants, i.e. not replanting in a spot where cabbage has already grown. After about 4 years, the soil will have regenerated and you can plant your cabbage plants there again. If you have symptomatic wilted cabbage plants in your garden despite having rotated them, dig them up and check the roots.

Cabbage hernia or cabbage gall weevil?

A typical distinguishing feature there are bulbous thickenings. To be absolutely sure that it really is the fungus, you need to cut the thick roots. If they are hollow, it is probably the cabbage gall weevil. If the roots are white and not hollow, it is most likely the cabbage hernia fungus. In both cases, you should unfortunately dispose of your plants as quickly as possible, otherwise other plants may be infested. But beware: the cabbage hernia fungus can also survive in compost and infect your plants again later. It is therefore better to dispose of infected plants in household waste.

Propagate cabbage: Here's how

Head cabbage species such as pointed cabbage are normally biennial plants. This means that they form the head in the first year, with which the plant overwinters. In the second year, the seed carrier develops, which can be harvested after flowering. However, today's varieties are difficult to overwinter in the field, which is why most gardeners prefer to buy cabbage seeds.

Two methods have become established in the hobby sector: Firstly, the entire plant can be dug up and planted in pots, tubs or boxes in a cellar. However, this requires watering from time to time. In addition, the heads of savoy cabbage in particular start to rot quickly, which means that old leaves have to be cleaned off regularly. As a second option, the heads can be harvested when transplanting in the fall and only the stalks stored in containers for the winter. In this case, the cuts should also be dusted with ash or charcoal to prevent disease infestation on the stalks. A little soil mixed with wood shavings is suitable as a substrate. The wood shavings hold the water well, which is why watering is rarely necessary. You will achieve greater overwintering success if you take your plants outside on bright, frost-free days or place them in a bright basement window.

Exchange with fellow gardeners

To exchange ideas with other gardeners and benefit from their experience, you can visit our Fryd community. Maybe someone has already propagated pointed cabbage and can give you some tips.

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Cover picture by Alexander Vollmer on Pixabay