Quince

Plant family

Rose family (Rosaceae)

Season Overview

Details

Seeding distance

800 cm

Row spacing

800 cm

Seeding depth

30 cm

Instructions

Description

The quince (Cydonia oblonga) is a versatile fruit tree in the rose family (Rosaceae). It grows as a shrub or tree 3 to 6 metres tall with a broad, dense habit and can reach an age of up to 50 years. From May to June, the quince bears large, slightly fragrant flowers, which appear in soft shades of white or pink and attract pollinators such as bees. Its bright yellow fruits, which are shaped like apples or pears depending on the variety, ripen in late autumn (October to November) and are intensely fragrant. Since most varieties are inedible raw due to their hard texture and astringency, they are mainly used in cooking. Popular products include quince jelly, jam, juice and quince bread. In addition to its usefulness as a fruit tree, the quince is also popular as an ornamental tree in the garden because of its attractive flowers and fruit. It combines beauty and functionality and is an enrichment to any naturalistic garden.

Growing tips

Quinces grow best in a sunny to semi-shady, wind-protected location with well-drained, nutrient-rich soil that is slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5-6.6). The ideal planting time is in spring (March) before bud break, in regions with a mild climate also in fall. The planting hole should be twice the size of the root ball. Mix the excavated soil with compost or slow-release fertilizer and plant the tree 2-5 cm deeper than before. Make sure that the grafting point is about 20 cm above the ground. The planting distance depends on the growth form: tall trunks require a distance of around 8 m, medium trunks 4-5 m and low trunks 1.5-4 m. After planting, water regularly, especially in the first year, to ensure good growth. A layer of mulch around the trunk protects the soil and retains moisture. Fertilize the quince every spring and thin out the crown every 2-3 years to promote the tree's health. Harvest time is in October, before the first frost sets in. The fruits are ripe when their color changes from golden to lemon yellow. Allow the harvested quinces to ripen for 2-4 weeks so that they can develop their full aroma. With a suitable location and good initial care, quince trees are robust and easy to look after.